lunes, 7 de mayo de 2012

Alkanes

Alkanes are chemical compounds which consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms and are bonded exclusively by single bonds.

 Chemical formula: Cn H2n+2

 Suffix: -ane

 Prefix: Hydrocarbon's prefixes

 Properties:
  - Non-polar molecule.
  - Tent to be gases or liquids.
  - Boil at a low temperature.

 Characteristics:
  - Are saturated hydrocarbons.
  - Simple covalent bond.

 Simplest alkane: Methane.

Main differences between methane and propane:


Methane
Propane
· It is a colorless, odorless gas with a wide distribution in nature.
· The main component of natural gas, and probably the most abundant organic compound.
· It is lighter than air, so it tends to rise and dissipate into the air, passing less of an explosive risk.
· It doesn’t compress as easily. It usually comes to your home from a utility company along dedicated lines to power things like water heater.
· Provides less energy per unit volume than does propane. In a given volume, it has 1000 BTUs.
· It can be less expensive.
· The number of carbon atoms and therefore size of the molecules. CH4.
· Its molar mass is 16,04 gmol-1.
· It is a gaseous component of natural gas, component of crude oil.
· A mixture of propane and butane is used mainly as vehicle fuel.

· It is heavier than air, so it tends to fall to the ground, and pose a greater explosive risk.

· It is easy to compress and carry in a portable tank. You can buy compressed propane at most gas stations. It can be used as a barbeque grill.
· Provides more energy per unit volume that does methane. In a given volume, it has 2500 BTUs.
· It can be more expensive.
· The number of carbon atoms and therefore size of the molecules. C3H8.
· Its molar mass is 44,1 gmol-1.


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